Proper nutrition is essential for poultry to thrive, and two key dietary components that often go overlooked are grit and calcium. These elements play a crucial role in digestion, eggshell formation, and overall health. Understanding their importance and how to provide them will help keep your flock in peak condition.
Why Grit is Essential for Poultry
Unlike mammals, poultry do not have teeth to grind their food. Instead, they rely on grit—small, hard particles that aid in digestion.
Types of Grit
- Insoluble Grit (Flint or Granite Grit):
- Helps break down food in the gizzard.
- Especially important for birds consuming whole grains and seeds.
- Should always be available for free-feeding.
- Soluble Grit (Oyster Shell or Limestone Grit):
- Provides a source of calcium for laying hens.
- Slowly dissolves in the digestive system, offering a steady calcium supply.
How to Provide Grit
- Scatter grit in the run or place it in a separate feeder.
- Ensure birds on commercial pelleted feeds still have access, as they may still need it.
- Chicks should not be given large grit pieces; chick-sized grit is recommended.
The Importance of Calcium in Poultry Diets
Calcium is crucial for strong bones and eggshell formation, particularly for laying hens.
Effects of Calcium Deficiency
- Soft or thin eggshells, making eggs prone to breakage.
- Weak bones, leading to leg issues or fractures.
- Reduced egg production and overall poor health.
Best Calcium Sources for Poultry
- Oyster Shells: A natural, slow-release calcium source ideal for layers.
- Crushed Eggshells: A cost-effective way to recycle calcium, but must be baked or boiled first to prevent bacterial contamination.
- Limestone Grit: Often found in commercial layer feeds to boost calcium intake.
- Calcium Supplements: Can be mixed into feed if a deficiency is noticed.
How to Provide Calcium
- Free-feed oyster shell grit so birds can take what they need.
- Include calcium-rich foods in their diet.
- Monitor for signs of calcium deficiency, especially in high-producing hens.
Balancing Grit and Calcium in Your Flock’s Diet
- Grit is needed for digestion, while calcium is crucial for strong eggshells.
- Non-laying birds still need grit but require less calcium.
- Providing too much calcium to non-layers can cause kidney issues, so ensure appropriate feeding.
- Always offer fresh water, as calcium metabolism depends on hydration.
Grit and calcium are essential components of a poultry diet, supporting digestion and eggshell strength. Ensuring your flock has access to both will help maintain their health and productivity. By understanding their role and how to provide them, you’ll keep your birds thriving and happy.
Author – Jordan